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Oracle Database 12c Security Technical Implementation Guide


Overview

Date Finding Count (199)
2019-12-11 CAT I (High): 12 CAT II (Med): 179 CAT III (Low): 8
STIG Description
This Security Technical Implementation Guide is published as a tool to improve the security of Department of Defense (DoD) information systems. The requirements are derived from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) 800-53 and related documents. Comments or proposed revisions to this document should be sent via e-mail to the following address: disa.stig_spt@mail.mil.

Available Profiles



Findings (MAC I - Mission Critical Public)

Finding ID Severity Title
V-61873 High The DBMS software installation account must be restricted to authorized users.
V-61539 High Oracle software must be evaluated and patched against newly found vulnerabilities.
V-61545 High The DBMS must employ cryptographic mechanisms preventing the unauthorized disclosure of information during transmission unless the transmitted data is otherwise protected by alternative physical measures.
V-61543 High The DBMS, when using PKI-based authentication, must enforce authorized access to the corresponding private key.
V-61541 High DBMS default accounts must be assigned custom passwords.
V-61425 High The Oracle REMOTE_OS_AUTHENT parameter must be set to FALSE.
V-61427 High The Oracle REMOTE_OS_ROLES parameter must be set to FALSE.
V-61441 High The Oracle Listener must be configured to require administration authentication.
V-61843 High Applications must obscure feedback of authentication information during the authentication process to protect the information from possible exploitation/use by unauthorized individuals.
V-61845 High When using command-line tools such as Oracle SQL*Plus, which can accept a plain-text password, users must use an alternative logon method that does not expose the password.
V-61537 High DBA OS accounts must be granted only those host system privileges necessary for the administration of the DBMS.
V-61865 High Use of the DBMS software installation account must be restricted.
V-61885 Medium The DBMS must prevent the presentation of information system management-related functionality at an interface utilized by general (i.e., non-privileged) users.
V-61883 Medium The DBMS must separate user functionality (including user interface services) from database management functionality.
V-61881 Medium The DBMS must uniquely identify and authenticate non-organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of non-organizational users).
V-61769 Medium The DBMS must preserve any organization-defined system state information in the event of a system failure.
V-61577 Medium The DBMS must enforce Discretionary Access Control (DAC) policy allowing users to specify and control sharing by named individuals, groups of individuals, or by both, limiting propagation of access rights and including or excluding access to the granularity of a single user.
V-61575 Medium The DBMS must enforce approved authorizations for logical access to the system in accordance with applicable policy.
V-61765 Medium The DBMS must terminate user sessions upon user logoff or any other organization or policy-defined session termination events, such as idle time limit exceeded.
V-61573 Medium The DBMS must automatically audit account termination.
V-61763 Medium The DBMS must protect the integrity of publicly available information and applications.
V-61571 Medium The DBMS must automatically audit account disabling actions, to the extent such information is available.
V-61761 Medium Database data files containing sensitive information must be encrypted.
V-61461 Medium Application owner accounts must have a dedicated application tablespace.
V-61879 Medium The DBMS must uniquely identify and authenticate organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of organizational users).
V-61579 Medium DBMS processes or services must run under custom, dedicated OS accounts.
V-61871 Medium The DBMS must provide the ability to write specified audit record content to a centralized audit log repository.
V-61877 Medium The DBMS software libraries must be periodically backed up.
V-61875 Medium Database software directories, including DBMS configuration files, must be stored in dedicated directories, or DASD pools, separate from the host OS and other applications.
V-61509 Medium The DBMS must not share a host supporting an independent security service.
V-61503 Medium Sensitive data stored in the database must be identified in the System Security Plan and AIS Functional Architecture documentation.
V-61501 Medium Procedures and restrictions for import of production data to development databases must be documented, implemented and followed.
V-61507 Medium Credentials stored and used by the DBMS to access remote databases or applications must be authorized and restricted to authorized users.
V-61657 Medium The system must protect audit information from unauthorized deletion.
V-61719 Medium The DBMS must support organizational requirements to enforce minimum password length.
V-61569 Medium The DBMS must automatically audit account modification.
V-61713 Medium The DBMS must use organization-defined replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to privileged accounts.
V-61565 Medium The DBMS must automatically audit account creation.
V-61711 Medium The DBMS must ensure users are authenticated with an individual authenticator prior to using a shared authenticator.
V-61717 Medium The DBMS must disable user accounts after 35 days of inactivity.
V-61561 Medium The DBMS must provide a mechanism to automatically terminate accounts designated as temporary or emergency accounts after an organization-defined time period.
V-61715 Medium The DBMS must use organization-defined replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to non-privileged accounts.
V-61489 Medium Use of the DBMS installation account must be logged.
V-61963 Medium The DBMS data files, transaction logs and audit files must be stored in dedicated directories or disk partitions separate from software or other application files.
V-61487 Medium DBMS production application and data directories must be protected from developers on shared production/development DBMS host systems.
V-61659 Medium The system must protect audit tools from unauthorized access.
V-61965 Medium The directory assigned to the AUDIT_FILE_DEST parameter must be protected from unauthorized access and must be stored in a dedicated directory or disk partition separate from software or other application files.
V-61967 Medium The DBMS must limit the number of concurrent sessions for each system account to an organization-defined number of sessions.
V-61645 Medium The system must provide a real-time alert when organization-defined audit failure events occur.
V-61647 Medium The system must alert designated organizational officials in the event of an audit processing failure.
V-61641 Medium The DBMS must include organization-defined additional, more detailed information in the audit records for audit events identified by type, location, or subject.
V-61439 Medium Object permissions granted to PUBLIC must be restricted.
V-61649 Medium The system must provide the capability to automatically process audit records for events of interest based upon selectable event criteria.
V-61643 Medium The DBMS itself, or the logging or alerting mechanism the application utilizes, must provide a warning when allocated audit record storage volume reaches an organization-defined percentage of maximum audit record storage capacity.
V-61801 Medium The DBMS must notify appropriate individuals when account disabling actions are taken.
V-61559 Medium The DBMS must provide a mechanism to automatically identify accounts designated as temporary or emergency accounts.
V-61709 Medium The DBMS must use multifactor authentication for local access to non-privileged accounts.
V-61625 Medium The DBMS must generate audit records for the DoD-selected list of auditable events, to the extent such information is available.
V-61623 Medium The DBMS must allow designated organizational personnel to select which auditable events are to be audited by the database.
V-61621 Medium The DBMS must provide audit record generation capability for organization-defined auditable events within the database.
V-61583 Medium A single database connection configuration file must not be used to configure all database clients.
V-61701 Medium DBMS must conduct backups of system-level information per organization-defined frequency that is consistent with recovery time and recovery point objectives.
V-61553 Medium The DBMS must ensure remote sessions that access an organization-defined list of security functions and security-relevant information are audited.
V-61703 Medium The DBMS must use multifactor authentication for network access to privileged accounts.
V-61555 Medium The DBMS must support the disabling of network protocols deemed by the organization to be nonsecure.
V-61705 Medium The DBMS must use multifactor authentication for network access to non-privileged accounts.
V-61557 Medium The system must employ automated mechanisms for supporting Oracle user account management.
V-61707 Medium The DBMS must use multifactor authentication for local access to privileged accounts.
V-61499 Medium Plans and procedures for testing DBMS installations, upgrades and patches must be defined and followed prior to production implementation.
V-61491 Medium The DBMS host platform and other dependent applications must be configured in compliance with applicable STIG requirements.
V-61493 Medium Remote administrative access to the database must be monitored by the ISSO or ISSM.
V-61495 Medium The database must not be directly accessible from public or unauthorized networks.
V-61497 Medium The ISSM must review changes to DBA role assignments.
V-61793 Medium The DBMS must restrict error messages so only authorized personnel may view them.
V-61533 Medium Remote administration must be disabled for the Oracle connection manager.
V-61791 Medium The DBMS must only generate error messages that provide information necessary for corrective actions without revealing organization-defined sensitive or potentially harmful information in error logs and administrative messages that could be exploited.
V-61797 Medium The DBMS must notify appropriate individuals when accounts are created.
V-61795 Medium The DBMS must support taking organization-defined list of least disruptive actions to terminate suspicious events.
V-61799 Medium The DBMS must notify appropriate individuals when accounts are modified.
V-61653 Medium The system must protect audit information from any type of unauthorized access.
V-61651 Medium Attempts to bypass access controls must be audited.
V-61655 Medium The system must protect audit information from unauthorized modification.
V-61409 Medium Audit trail data must be retained for at least one year.
V-61635 Medium The DBMS must produce audit records containing sufficient information to establish the sources (origins) of the events.
V-61637 Medium The DBMS must produce audit records containing sufficient information to establish the outcome (success or failure) of the events.
V-61631 Medium The DBMS must produce audit records containing sufficient information to establish when (date and time) the events occurred.
V-61633 Medium The DBMS must produce audit records containing sufficient information to establish where the events occurred.
V-61725 Medium The DBMS must support organizational requirements to enforce password complexity by the number of lower-case characters used.
V-61639 Medium The DBMS must produce audit records containing sufficient information to establish the identity of any user/subject or process associated with the event.
V-61781 Medium The DBMS must prevent unauthorized and unintended information transfer via shared system resources.
V-61783 Medium The DBMS must protect against or limit the effects of organization-defined types of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks.
V-61785 Medium The DBMS must check the validity of data inputs.
V-61787 Medium The system must verify there have not been unauthorized changes to the DBMS software and information.
V-61803 Medium The DBMS must notify appropriate individuals when accounts are terminated.
V-61589 Medium The DBMS must restrict access to system tables and other configuration information or metadata to DBAs or other authorized users.
V-61411 Medium Access to default accounts used to support replication must be restricted to authorized DBAs.
V-61413 Medium Oracle instance names must not contain Oracle version numbers.
V-61415 Medium Fixed user and public database links must be authorized for use.
V-61419 Medium A minimum of two Oracle redo log groups/files must be defined and configured to be stored on separate, archived physical disks or archived directories on a RAID device.
V-61601 Medium OS accounts utilized to run external procedures called by the DBMS must have limited privileges.
V-61627 Medium The DBMS must produce audit records containing sufficient information to establish what type of events occurred.
V-61603 Medium The DBMS must verify account lockouts persist until reset by an administrator.
V-61605 Medium The DBMS must set the maximum number of consecutive invalid logon attempts to three.
V-61599 Medium The DBA role must not be assigned excessive or unauthorized privileges.
V-61597 Medium Owners of privileged accounts must use non-privileged accounts for non-administrative activities.
V-61459 Medium Only authorized system accounts must have the SYSTEM tablespace specified as the default tablespace.
V-61735 Medium Procedures for establishing temporary passwords that meet DoD password requirements for new accounts must be defined, documented, and implemented.
V-61737 Medium DBMS passwords must not be stored in compiled, encoded, or encrypted batch jobs or compiled, encoded, or encrypted application source code.
V-61429 Medium The Oracle SQL92_SECURITY parameter must be set to TRUE.
V-61733 Medium The DBMS must support organizational requirements to enforce password encryption for storage.
V-61731 Medium The DBMS must support organizational requirements to enforce the number of characters that get changed when passwords are changed.
V-61421 Medium The Oracle WITH GRANT OPTION privilege must not be granted to non-DBA or non-Application administrator user accounts.
V-61757 Medium The DBMS must terminate the network connection associated with a communications session at the end of the session or 15 minutes of inactivity.
V-61755 Medium The DBMS must support organizational requirements to encrypt information stored in the database and information extracted or derived from the database and stored on digital media.
V-61753 Medium Databases employed to write data to portable digital media must use cryptographic mechanisms to protect and restrict access to information on portable digital media.
V-61751 Medium The DBMS must employ strong identification and authentication techniques when establishing nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions.
V-61619 Medium A DBMS utilizing Discretionary Access Control (DAC) must enforce a policy that includes or excludes access to the granularity of a single user.
V-61447 Medium Connections by mid-tier web and application systems to the Oracle DBMS from a DMZ or external network must be encrypted.
V-61617 Medium Databases utilizing Discretionary Access Control (DAC) must enforce a policy that limits propagation of access rights.
V-61445 Medium Oracle application administration roles must be disabled if not required and authorized.
V-61615 Medium The DBMS must have allocated audit record storage capacity.
V-61443 Medium Application role permissions must not be assigned to the Oracle PUBLIC role.
V-61613 Medium The DBMS must have its auditing configured to reduce the likelihood of storage capacity being exceeded.
V-61451 Medium Unauthorized database links must not be defined and active.
V-61739 Medium The DBMS must enforce password maximum lifetime restrictions.
V-61849 Medium DBMS default accounts must be protected from misuse.
V-61431 Medium The Oracle password file ownership and permissions should be limited to the Oracle installation account and the REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE parameter must be set to EXCLUSIVE or NONE.
V-61689 Medium Recovery procedures and technical system features must exist to ensure recovery is done in a secure and verifiable manner.
V-61723 Medium The DBMS must support organizational requirements to enforce password complexity by the number of upper-case characters used.
V-61531 Medium The /diag subdirectory under the directory assigned to the DIAGNOSTIC_DEST parameter must be protected from unauthorized access.
V-61721 Medium The DBMS must support organizational requirements to prohibit password reuse for the organization-defined number of generations.
V-61727 Medium The DBMS must support organizational requirements to enforce password complexity by the number of numeric characters used.
V-61535 Medium Network client connections must be restricted to supported versions.
V-61789 Medium The DBMS must identify potentially security-relevant error conditions.
V-61681 Medium Unused database components that are integrated in the DBMS and cannot be uninstalled must be disabled.
V-61433 Medium System privileges granted using the WITH ADMIN OPTION must not be granted to unauthorized user accounts.
V-61683 Medium Use of external executables must be authorized.
V-61729 Medium The DBMS must support organizational requirements to enforce password complexity by the number of special characters used.
V-61685 Medium Access to external executables must be disabled or restricted.
V-61437 Medium Oracle roles granted using the WITH ADMIN OPTION must not be granted to unauthorized accounts.
V-61687 Medium The DBMS must support the organizational requirements to specifically prohibit or restrict the use of unauthorized functions, ports, protocols, and/or services.
V-61435 Medium System Privileges must not be granted to PUBLIC.
V-61595 Medium All use of privileged accounts must be audited.
V-61745 Medium Processes (services, applications, etc.) that connect to the DBMS independently of individual users, must use valid, current DoD-issued PKI certificates for authentication to the DBMS.
V-61669 Medium The DBMS must protect the audit records generated, as a result of remote access to privileged accounts, and the execution of privileged functions.
V-61747 Medium The DBMS must use NIST-validated FIPS 140-2-compliant cryptography for authentication mechanisms.
V-61591 Medium Administrative privileges must be assigned to database accounts via database roles.
V-61741 Medium The DBMS, when utilizing PKI-based authentication, must validate certificates by constructing a certification path with status information to an accepted trust anchor.
V-61593 Medium Administrators must utilize a separate, distinct administrative account when performing administrative activities, accessing database security functions, or accessing security-relevant information.
V-61743 Medium The DBMS must map the authenticated identity to the user account using PKI-based authentication.
V-61663 Medium The system must protect audit tools from unauthorized deletion.
V-61455 Medium Application user privilege assignment must be reviewed monthly or more frequently to ensure compliance with least privilege and documented policy.
V-61661 Medium The system must protect audit tools from unauthorized modification.
V-61457 Medium Audit trail data must be reviewed daily or more frequently.
V-61667 Medium The DBMS must protect audit data records and integrity by using cryptographic mechanisms.
V-61749 Medium The DBMS must employ cryptographic mechanisms to protect the integrity and confidentiality of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic communications.
V-61665 Medium The DBMS must support the requirement to back up audit data and records onto a different system or media than the system being audited on an organization-defined frequency.
V-61453 Medium Sensitive information from production database exports must be modified before import to a development database.
V-61697 Medium Database recovery procedures must be developed, documented, implemented, and periodically tested.
V-61695 Medium Database backup procedures must be defined, documented, and implemented.
V-61449 Medium Database job/batch queues must be reviewed regularly to detect unauthorized database job submissions.
V-61699 Medium DBMS backup and restoration files must be protected from unauthorized access.
V-61523 Medium Remote DBMS administration must be documented and authorized or disabled.
V-61525 Medium DBMS symmetric keys must be protected in accordance with NSA or NIST-approved key management technology or processes.
V-61527 Medium Changes to DBMS security labels must be audited.
V-61529 Medium Remote database or other external access must use fully-qualified names.
V-61771 Medium The DBMS must take needed steps to protect data at rest and ensure confidentiality and integrity of application data.
V-61679 Medium Unused database components, DBMS software, and database objects must be removed.
V-61581 Medium The DBMS must restrict grants to sensitive information to authorized user roles.
V-61775 Medium The DBMS must isolate security functions from nonsecurity functions by means of separate security domains.
V-61587 Medium The DBMS must be protected from unauthorized access by developers on shared production/development host systems.
V-61777 Medium The DBMS must automatically terminate emergency accounts after an organization-defined time period for each type of account.
V-61585 Medium The DBMS must be protected from unauthorized access by developers.
V-61779 Medium The DBMS must employ automated mechanisms to alert security personnel of inappropriate or unusual activities with security implications.
V-61671 Medium The DBMS must support enforcement of logical access restrictions associated with changes to the DBMS configuration and to the database itself.
V-61463 Medium The directories assigned to the LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST* parameters must be protected from unauthorized access.
V-61673 Medium Database objects must be owned by accounts authorized for ownership.
V-61465 Medium The Oracle _TRACE_FILES_PUBLIC parameter if present must be set to FALSE.
V-61675 Medium The DBMS must enforce requirements for remote connections to the information system.
V-61467 Medium Application object owner accounts must be disabled when not performing installation or maintenance actions.
V-61677 Medium Default demonstration and sample databases, database objects, and applications must be removed.
V-61853 Medium Disk space used by audit trail(s) must be monitored; audit records must be regularly or continuously off-loaded to a centralized log management system.
V-61759 Medium The DBMS must implement required cryptographic protections using cryptographic modules complying with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance.
V-61693 Medium Oracle must back up user-level information per a defined frequency.
V-61869 Medium The OS must limit privileges to change the DBMS software resident within software libraries (including privileged programs).
V-68863 Medium Logic modules within the database (to include packages, procedures, functions and triggers) must be monitored to discover unauthorized changes.
V-61867 Medium Database software, applications, and configuration files must be monitored to discover unauthorized changes.
V-61519 Medium Changes to configuration options must be audited.
V-61515 Medium Network access to the DBMS must be restricted to authorized personnel.
V-61511 Medium Access to DBMS software files and directories must not be granted to unauthorized users.
V-61513 Medium Replication accounts must not be granted DBA privileges.
V-61887 Low The DBMS must protect against an individual who uses a shared account falsely denying having performed a particular action.
V-61969 Low The system must provide a report generation capability for audit reduction data.
V-61809 Low The DBMS must implement separation of duties through assigned information access authorizations.
V-61819 Low The DBMS must limit the use of resources by priority and not impede the host from servicing processes designated as a higher-priority.
V-61815 Low The DBMS must restrict the ability of users to launch Denial of Service (DoS) attacks against other information systems or networks.
V-61817 Low The DBMS must manage resources to limit the effects of information flooding types of Denial of Service (DoS) incidents.
V-61813 Low The system must provide an audit log reduction capability.
V-61417 Low A minimum of two Oracle control files must be defined and configured to be stored on separate, archived disks (physical or virtual) or archived partitions on a RAID device.