| V-922 | High | All shell files must have mode 0755 or less permissive. | Shells with world/group-write permissions give the ability to maliciously modify the shell to obtain unauthorized access. |
| V-4387 | High | Anonymous FTP accounts must not have a functional shell. | If an anonymous FTP account has been configured to use a functional shell, attackers could gain access to the shell if the account is compromised. |
| V-770 | High | The system must not have accounts configured with blank or null passwords. | If an account is configured for password authentication but does not have an assigned password, it may be possible to log into the account without authentication. If the root user is configured... |
| V-24386 | High | The telnet daemon must not be running. | The telnet daemon provides a typically unencrypted remote access service which does not provide for the confidentiality and integrity of user passwords or the remote session. If a privileged user... |
| V-848 | High | The TFTP daemon must have mode 0755 or less permissive. | If TFTP runs with the setuid or setgid bit set, it may be able to write to any file or directory and may seriously impair system integrity, confidentiality, and availability. |
| V-11988 | High | There must be no .rhosts, .shosts, hosts.equiv, or shosts.equiv files on the system. | The .rhosts, .shosts, hosts.equiv, and shosts.equiv files are used to configure host-based authentication for individual users or the system. Host-based authentication is not sufficient for... |
| V-847 | High | The TFTP daemon must operate in "secure mode" which provides access only to a single directory on the host file system. | Secure mode limits TFTP requests to a specific directory. If TFTP is not running in secure mode, it may be able to write to any file or directory and may seriously impair system integrity,... |
| V-4295 | High | The SSH daemon must be configured to only use the SSHv2 protocol. | SSHv1 is not a DoD-approved protocol and has many well-known vulnerability exploits. Exploits of the SSH daemon could provide immediate root access to the system. |
| V-833 | High | Files executed through a mail aliases file must be owned by root and must reside within a directory owned and writable only by root. | If a file executed through a mail aliases file is not owned and writable only by root, it may be subject to unauthorized modification. Unauthorized modification of files executed through aliases... |
| V-4688 | High | The rexec daemon must not be running. | The rexecd process provides a typically unencrypted, host-authenticated remote access service. SSH should be used in place of this service. |
| V-4687 | High | The remsh daemon must not be running. | The remshd process provides a typically unencrypted, host-authenticated remote access service. SSH should be used in place of this service. |
| V-22569 | Medium | If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the LDAP TLS certificate file must have mode 0644 or less permissive. | LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification. |
| V-22568 | Medium | If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the LDAP TLS certificate file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or other. | LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification. |
| V-22565 | Medium | If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the TLS certificate authority file and/or directory (as appropriate) must have mode 0644 (0755 for directories) or less permissive. | LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification. |
| V-12022 | Medium | The SSH daemon must be configured for IP filtering. | The SSH daemon must be configured for IP filtering to provide a layered defense against connection attempts from unauthorized addresses. |
| V-4371 | Medium | The traceroute file must have mode 0700 or less permissive. | If the mode of the traceroute executable is more permissive than 0700, malicious code could be inserted by an attacker and triggered whenever the traceroute command is executed by authorized... |
| V-960 | Medium | The system must be configured to operate in a security mode. | When operating in standard mode, account passwords are stored in the /etc/passwd file, which is world readable. By operating in either Trusted Mode or Standard Mode with Security Extensions, the... |
| V-967 | Medium | The /etc/securetty file must have mode 0640 or less permissive. | Excessive permissions on the /etc/securetty file could result in unauthorized modification of the file. Changes to the file could reduce the system's security by specifying additional terminals... |
| V-966 | Medium | The /etc/securetty file must be owned by root. | Failure to make root the owner of sensitive files and utilities may provide unauthorized owners the potential to access and/or change sensitive information or system configurations, thus weakening... |
| V-965 | Medium | The HP-UX /etc/securetty must be group-owned by root, sys, or bin. | Root, sys, and bin are the most privileged group accounts, by default, for most UNIX systems. If a file as sensitive as /etc/securetty is not group-owned by a privileged group, it could lead to... |
| V-22488 | Medium | The SSH daemon must not allow compression or must only allow compression after successful authentication. | If compression is allowed in an SSH connection prior to authentication, vulnerabilities in the compression software could result in compromise of the system from an unauthenticated connection,... |
| V-975 | Medium | The cron.allow file must have mode 0600 or less permissive. | A cron.allow file, readable and/or writable by other than root, could allow potential intruders and malicious users to use the file contents to help discern information, such as who is allowed to... |
| V-22486 | Medium | The SSH daemon must use privilege separation. | SSH daemon privilege separation causes the SSH process to drop root privileges when not needed, which would decrease the impact of software vulnerabilities in the unprivileged section. |
| V-22487 | Medium | The SSH daemon must not allow rhosts RSA authentication. | If SSH permits rhosts RSA authentication, a user may be able to login based on the keys of the host originating the request and not any user-specific authentication.. |
| V-22485 | Medium | The SSH daemon must perform strict mode checking of home directory configuration files. | If other users have access to modify user-specific SSH configuration files, they may be able to log into the system as another user. |
| V-22363 | Medium | Local initialization files' library search paths must contain only absolute paths. | The library search path environment variable(s) contain a list of directories for the dynamic linker to search to find libraries. If this path includes the current working directory or other... |
| V-12023 | Medium | IP forwarding for IPv4 must not be enabled, unless the system is a router. | If the system is configured for IP forwarding and is not a designated router, it could be used to bypass network security by providing a path for communication not filtered by network devices. |
| V-22360 | Medium | Global initialization files' lists of preloaded libraries must contain only absolute paths. | The library preload list environment variable contains a list of libraries for the dynamic linker to load before loading the libraries required by the binary. If this list contains paths to... |
| V-819 | Medium | The audit system must be configured to audit all discretionary access control permission modifications. | If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise. |
| V-818 | Medium | The audit system must be configured to audit login, logout, and session initiation. | If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise. |
| V-816 | Medium | The audit system must be configured to audit all administrative, privileged, and security actions. | If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise. |
| V-815 | Medium | The audit system must be configured to audit file deletions. | If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise. |
| V-814 | Medium | The audit system must be configured to audit failed attempts to access files and programs. | If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise. |
| V-12021 | Medium | The syslog daemon must not accept remote messages unless it is a syslog server documented using site-defined procedures. | Unintentionally running a syslog server accepting remote messages puts the system at increased risk. Malicious syslog messages sent to the server could exploit vulnerabilities in the server... |
| V-763 | Medium | The Department of Defense (DoD) login banner must be displayed immediately prior to, or as part of, console login prompts. | Failure to display the logon banner prior to a logon attempt will negate legal proceedings resulting from unauthorized access to system resources. |
| V-834 | Medium | Files executed through a mail aliases file must have mode 0755 or less permissive. | If a file executed through a mail alias file has permissions greater than 0755, it can be modified by an unauthorized user and may contain malicious code or instructions possibly compromising the system. |
| V-22472 | Medium | The SSH private host key files must have mode 0600 or less permissive. | If an unauthorized user obtains the private SSH host key file, the host could be impersonated. |
| V-22471 | Medium | The SSH public host key files must have mode 0644 or less permissive. | If a public host key file is modified by an unauthorized user, the SSH service may be compromised. |
| V-4370 | Medium | The traceroute command must be group-owned by sys, bin, root, or other. | If the group owner of the traceroute command has not been set to a system group, unauthorized users could have access to the command and use it to gain information regarding a network's topology... |
| V-22572 | Medium | If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the LDAP TLS key file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or other. | LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification. |
| V-22573 | Medium | If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the LDAP TLS key file must have mode 0600 or less permissive. | LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification.
NOTE:... |
| V-4361 | Medium | The cron.allow file must be owned by root, bin, or sys. | If the owner of the cron.allow file is not set to root, bin, or sys, the possibility exists for an unauthorized user to view or to edit sensitive information. |
| V-22571 | Medium | If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the LDAP TLS key file must be owned by root. | LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification. |
| V-788 | Medium | All skeleton files (typically those in /etc/skel) must have mode 0444 or less permissive. | If the skeleton files are not protected, unauthorized personnel could change user startup parameters and possibly jeopardize user files.
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| V-22332 | Medium | The /etc/passwd file must be owned by root. | The /etc/passwd file contains the list of local system accounts. It is vital to system security and must be protected from unauthorized modification. |
| V-4304 | Medium | The root file system must employ journaling or another mechanism ensuring file system consistency. | File system journaling, or logging, can allow reconstruction of file system data after a system crash, thus, preserving the integrity of data that may have otherwise been lost. Journaling file... |
| V-23741 | Medium | TCP backlog queue sizes must be set appropriately. | To provide some mitigation to TCP Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, the TCP backlog queue sizes must be set to at least 1280 or in accordance with product-specific guidelines. |
| V-932 | Medium | The Network File System (NFS) anonymous UID and GID must be configured to values that have no permissions. | When an NFS server is configured to deny remote root access, a selected UID and GID are used to handle requests from the remote root user. The UID and GID should be chosen from the system to... |
| V-4385 | Medium | The system must not use .forward files. | The .forward file allows users to automatically forward mail to another system. Use of .forward files could allow the unauthorized forwarding of mail and could potentially create mail loops which... |
| V-808 | Medium | The system and user default umask must be 077. | The umask controls the default access mode assigned to newly created files. An umask of 077 limits new files to mode 700 or less permissive. Although umask can be represented as a 4-digit... |
| V-22375 | Medium | The audit system must alert the SA when the audit storage volume approaches its capacity. | An accurate and current audit trail is essential for maintaining a record of system activity. If the system fails, the SA must be notified and must take prompt action to correct the... |
| V-776 | Medium | The root account's executable search path must be the vendor default and must contain only absolute paths. | The executable search path (typically the PATH environment variable) contains a list of directories for the shell to search to find executables. If this path includes the current working directory... |
| V-777 | Medium | The root account must not have world-writable directories in its executable search path. | If the root search path contains a world-writable directory, malicious software could be placed in the path by intruders and/or malicious users and inadvertently run by root with all of root's privileges.
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| V-775 | Medium | The root account's home directory (other than /) must have mode 0700. | Permissions greater than 0700 could allow unauthorized users access to the root home directory. |
| V-773 | Medium | The root account must be the only account having an UID of 0. | If an account has an UID of 0, it has root authority. Multiple accounts with an UID of 0 afford more opportunity for potential intruders to compromise a privileged account. |
| V-22461 | Medium | The SSH client must be configured to only use FIPS 140-2 approved ciphers. | DoD information systems are required to use FIPS 140-2 approved ciphers. SSHv2 ciphers meeting this requirement are 3DES and AES. |
| V-22462 | Medium | The SSH client must be configured to not use Cipher-Block Chaining (CBC) based ciphers. | The CBC mode of encryption as implemented in the SSHv2 protocol is vulnerable to chosen plaintext attacks and must not be used. |
| V-22463 | Medium | The SSH client must be configured to only use Message Authentication Codes (MACs) employing FIPS 140-2 approved cryptographic hash algorithms. | DoD information systems are required to use FIPS 140-2 approved cryptographic hash functions. |
| V-867 | Medium | The Network Information System (NIS) protocol must not be used. | Due to numerous security vulnerabilities existing within NIS, it must not be used. Possible alternative directory services are NIS+ and LDAP. |
| V-4083 | Medium | Graphical desktop environments provided by the system must automatically lock after 15 minutes of inactivity and must require users to re-authenticate to unlock the environment. | If graphical desktop sessions do not lock the session after 15 minutes of inactivity, requiring re-authentication to resume operations, the system or individual data could be compromised by an... |
| V-981 | Medium | Cron and crontab directories must be group-owned by root, sys, bin or other. | To protect the integrity of scheduled system jobs and to prevent malicious modification to these jobs, crontab files must be secured. Failure to give group-ownership of cron or crontab... |
| V-980 | Medium | Cron and crontab directories must be owned by root or bin. | Incorrect ownership of the cron or crontab directories could permit unauthorized users the ability to alter cron jobs and run automated jobs as privileged users. Failure to give ownership of cron... |
| V-983 | Medium | The cronlog file must have mode 0600 or less permissive. | Cron logs contain reports of scheduled system activities and must be protected from unauthorized access or manipulation. |
| V-982 | Medium | Cron logging must be implemented. | Cron logging can be used to trace the successful or unsuccessful execution of cron jobs. It can also be used to spot intrusions into the use of the cron facility by unauthorized and malicious users. |
| V-985 | Medium | The at.deny file must not be empty if it exists. | On some systems, if there is no at.allow file and there is an empty at.deny file, then the system assumes everyone has permission to use the at facility. This could create an insecure setting in... |
| V-984 | Medium | Access to the at utility must be controlled via the at.allow and/or at.deny file(s). | The at facility selectively allows users to execute jobs at deferred times. It is usually used for one-time jobs. The at.allow file selectively allows access to the at facility. If there is no... |
| V-987 | Medium | The at.allow file must have mode 0600 or less permissive. | Permissions more permissive than 0600 (i.e. read, write and execute for the owner) may allow unauthorized or malicious access to the at.allow and/or at.deny files. |
| V-22294 | Medium | The time synchronization configuration file (such as /etc/ntp.conf) must be owned by root. | A synchronized system clock is critical for the enforcement of time-based policies and the correlation of logs and audit records with other systems. If an illicit time source is used for... |
| V-4394 | Medium | The /etc/syslog.conf file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system. | If the group owner of /etc/syslog.conf is not root, bin, or sys, unauthorized users could be permitted to view, edit, or delete important system messages handled by the syslog facility. |
| V-22582 | Medium | The system must employ a local firewall. | A local firewall protects the system from exposing unnecessary or undocumented network services to the local enclave. If a system within the enclave is compromised, firewall protection on an... |
| V-4393 | Medium | The /etc/syslog.conf file must be owned by bin. | If the /etc/syslog.conf file is not owned by bin, unauthorized users could be allowed to view, edit, or delete important system messages handled by the syslog facility. |
| V-789 | Medium | NIS/NIS+/yp files must be owned by root, sys, or bin. | NIS/NIS+/yp files are part of the system's identification and authentication processes and are, therefore, critical to system security. Failure to give ownership of sensitive files or utilities... |
| V-800 | Medium | The /etc/shadow (or equivalent) file must have mode 0400. | The /etc/shadow file contains the list of local system accounts. It is vital to system security and must be protected from unauthorized modification. The file also contains password hashes which... |
| V-11947 | Medium | The system must require that passwords contain a minimum of 15 characters. | The use of longer passwords reduces the ability of attackers to successfully obtain valid passwords using guessing or exhaustive search techniques by increasing the password search space. |
| V-974 | Medium | Access to the cron utility must be controlled using the cron.allow and/or cron.deny file(s). | The cron facility allows users to execute recurring jobs on a regular and unattended basis. The cron.allow file designates accounts allowed to enter and execute jobs using the cron facility. If... |
| V-24384 | Medium | If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the /etc/ldap.conf file (or equivalent) must not contain passwords. | The authentication of automated LDAP connections between systems must not use passwords since more secure methods are available, such as PKI and Kerberos. Additionally, the storage of unencrypted... |
| V-22391 | Medium | The cron.allow file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys or other. | If the group of the cron.allow is not set to root, bin, sys or other, the possibility exists for an unauthorized user to view or edit the list of users permitted to use cron. Unauthorized... |
| V-22348 | Medium | The /etc/group file must not contain any group password hashes. | Group passwords are typically shared and should not be used. Additionally, if password hashes are readable by non-administrators, the passwords are subject to attack through lookup tables or... |
| V-22347 | Medium | The /etc/passwd file must not contain password hashes. | If password hashes are readable by non-administrators, the passwords are subject to attack through lookup tables or cryptographic weaknesses in the hashes. |
| V-978 | Medium | Crontab files must have mode 0600 or less permissive, and files in cron script directories must have mode 0700 or less permissive. | To protect the integrity of scheduled system jobs and prevent malicious modification to these jobs, crontab files must be secured. |
| V-979 | Medium | Cron and crontab directories must have mode 0755 or less permissive. | To protect the integrity of scheduled system jobs and to prevent malicious modification to these jobs, crontab files must be secured. |
| V-22324 | Medium | The /etc/hosts file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system. | The /etc/hosts file (or equivalent) configures local host name to IP address mappings that typically take precedence over DNS resolution. If this file is maliciously modified, it could cause the... |
| V-1028 | Medium | The /etc/opt/samba/smb.conf file must have mode 0644 or less permissive. | If the smb.conf file has excessive permissions, the file may be maliciously modified and the Samba configuration could be compromised. |
| V-842 | Medium | The ftpusers file must be owned by root. | If the file ftpusers is not owned by root, an unauthorized user may modify the file to allow unauthorized accounts to use FTP. |
| V-22329 | Medium | The /etc/nsswitch.conf file must have mode 0644 or less permissive. | The nsswitch.conf file (or equivalent) configures the source of a variety of system security information including account, group, and host lookups. Malicious changes could prevent the system... |
| V-22328 | Medium | The /etc/nsswitch.conf file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system. | The nsswitch.conf file (or equivalent) configures the source of a variety of system security information including account, group, and host lookups. Malicious changes could prevent the system... |
| V-22327 | Medium | The /etc/nsswitch.conf file must be owned by root. | The nsswitch.conf file (or equivalent) configures the source of a variety of system security information including account, group, and host lookups. Malicious changes could prevent the system... |
| V-22323 | Medium | The /etc/hosts file must be owned by root. | The /etc/hosts file (or equivalent) configures local host name to IP address mappings that typically take precedence over DNS resolution. If this file is maliciously modified, it could cause the... |
| V-22325 | Medium | The /etc/hosts file must have mode 0644 or less permissive. | The /etc/hosts file (or equivalent) configures local host name to IP address mappings typically take precedence over DNS resolution. If this file is maliciously modified, it could cause the... |
| V-1027 | Medium | The /etc/smb.conf file must be owned by root. | The /etc/smb.conf file allows access to other machines on the network and grants permissions to certain users. If it is owned by another user, the file may be maliciously modified and the Samba... |
| V-22451 | Medium | The snmpd.conf file must be group-owned by root, sys, bin or other. | The snmpd.conf file contains authenticators and must be protected from unauthorized access and modification. If the file is not group-owned by root or a system group, it may be subject to access... |
| V-22321 | Medium | The /etc/resolv.conf file must have mode 0644 or less permissive. | The resolv.conf (or equivalent) file configures the system's DNS resolver. DNS is used to resolve host names to IP addresses. If DNS configuration is modified maliciously, host name resolution... |
| V-1023 | Medium | The system must not run an Internet Network News (INN) server. | INN servers access Usenet newsfeeds and store newsgroup articles. INN servers use the Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) to transfer information from the Usenet to the server and from the... |
| V-22453 | Medium | The /etc/syslog.conf file must have mode 0640 or less permissive. | Unauthorized users must not be allowed to access or modify the /etc/syslog.conf file. |
| V-4321 | Medium | The system must not run Samba unless needed. | Samba is a tool used for the sharing of files and printers between Windows and UNIX operating systems. It provides access to sensitive files and, therefore, poses a security risk if compromised. |
| V-22320 | Medium | The /etc/resolv.conf file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system. | The resolv.conf (or equivalent) file configures the system's DNS resolver. DNS is used to resolve host names to IP addresses. If DNS configuration is modified maliciously, host name resolution... |
| V-22511 | Medium | The Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) must be disabled unless required. | The SCTP is an IETF-standardized transport layer protocol. This protocol is not yet widely used. Binding this protocol to the network stack increases the attack surface of the host. Unprivileged... |
| V-994 | Medium | The snmpd.conf file must have mode 0600 or less permissive. | The snmpd.conf file contains authenticators and must be protected from unauthorized access and modification. |
| V-23972 | Medium | The system must not respond to ICMPv6 echo requests sent to a broadcast address. | Responding to broadcast ICMP echo requests facilitates network mapping and provides a vector for amplification attacks. |
| V-22564 | Medium | If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the TLS certificate authority file and/or directory (as appropriate) must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or other. | LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification. |
| V-924 | Medium | Device files and directories must only be writable by users with a system account or as configured by the vendor. | System device files in writable directories could be modified, removed, or used by an unprivileged user to control system hardware. |
| V-11948 | Medium | The system must require passwords contain at least one uppercase alphabetic character. | To enforce the use of complex passwords, minimum numbers of characters of different classes are mandated. The use of complex passwords reduces the ability of attackers to successfully obtain valid... |
| V-12005 | Medium | Inetd and xinetd must be disabled or removed if no network services utilizing them are enabled. | Unnecessary services should be disabled to decrease the attack surface of the system. |
| V-22358 | Medium | All skeleton files (typically in /etc/skel) must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, system, or other. | If the skeleton files are not protected, unauthorized personnel could change user startup parameters and possibly jeopardize user files. |
| V-12006 | Medium | The SMTP service HELP command must not be enabled. | The HELP command should be disabled to mask version information. The version of the SMTP service software could be used by attackers to target vulnerabilities present in specific software versions. |
| V-905 | Medium | All local initialization files must have mode 0740 or less permissive. | Local initialization files are used to configure the user's shell environment upon login. Malicious modification of these files could compromise accounts upon logon. |
| V-12002 | Medium | The system must not forward IPv4 source-routed packets. | Source-routed packets allow the source of the packet to suggest routers forward the packet along a different path than configured on the router, which can be used to bypass network security... |
| V-22354 | Medium | Run control scripts' library search paths must contain only absolute paths. | The library search path environment variable(s) contain a list of directories for the dynamic linker to search to find libraries. If this path includes the current working directory or other... |
| V-22355 | Medium | Run control scripts' lists of preloaded libraries must contain only absolute paths. | The library preload list environment variable contains a list of libraries for the dynamic linker to load before loading the libraries required by the binary. If this list contains paths to... |
| V-22339 | Medium | The /etc/shadow file (or equivalent) must be group-owned by root, bin, sys or other. | The /etc/shadow file contains the list of local system accounts. It is vital to system security and must be protected from unauthorized modification. The file also contains password hashes which... |
| V-22335 | Medium | The /etc/group file must be owned by bin. | The /etc/group file is critical to system security and must be owned by a privileged user. The group file contains a list of system groups and associated information. |
| V-22336 | Medium | The /etc/group file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system. | The /etc/group file is critical to system security and must be protected from unauthorized modification. The group file contains a list of system groups and associated information. |
| V-22337 | Medium | The /etc/group file must have mode 0444 or less permissive. | The /etc/group file is critical to system security and must be protected from unauthorized modification. The group file contains a list of system groups and associated information. |
| V-22444 | Medium | The ftpusers file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys or other. | If the ftpusers file is not group-owned by root or a system group, an unauthorized user may modify the file to allow unauthorized accounts to use FTP. |
| V-22333 | Medium | The /etc/passwd file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system. | The /etc/passwd file contains the list of local system accounts. It is vital to system security and must be protected from unauthorized modification. |
| V-824 | Medium | The services file must have mode 0444 or less permissive. | The services file is critical to the proper operation of network services and must be protected from unauthorized modification. Unauthorized modification could result in the failure of network services. |
| V-11999 | Medium | The system must implement non-executable program stacks. | A common type of exploit is the stack buffer overflow. An application receives, from an attacker, more data than it is prepared for and stores this information on its stack, writing beyond the... |
| V-23732 | Medium | The FTPS/FTP service on the system must be configured with the Department of Defense (DoD) login banner. | Failure to display the logon banner prior to a logon attempt will negate legal proceedings resulting from unauthorized access to system resources.
NOTE: SFTP and FTPS are encrypted alternatives... |
| V-786 | Medium | All network services daemon files must have mode 0755 or less permissive. | Restricting permission on daemons will protect them from unauthorized modification and possible system compromise. |
| V-11984 | Medium | All skeleton files and directories (typically in /etc/skel) must be owned by bin. | If the skeleton files are not protected, unauthorized personnel could change user startup parameters and possibly jeopardize user files. Failure to give ownership of sensitive files or utilities... |
| V-827 | Medium | The hosts.lpd file (or equivalent) must not contain a "+" character. | Having the "+" character in the hosts.lpd (or equivalent) file allows all hosts to use local system print resources. |
| V-913 | Medium | There must be no .netrc files on the system. | Unencrypted passwords for remote FTP servers may be stored in .netrc files. Policy requires passwords to be encrypted in storage and not used in access scripts. |
| V-12011 | Medium | All FTP users must have a default umask of 077. | The umask controls the default access mode assigned to newly created files. An umask of 077 limits new files to mode 700 or less permissive. Although umask is stored as a 4-digit number, the first... |
| V-916 | Medium | The /etc/shells (or equivalent) file must exist. | The shells file (or equivalent) lists approved default shells. It helps provide layered defense to the security approach by ensuring users cannot change their default shell to an unauthorized,... |
| V-917 | Medium | All shells referenced in /etc/passwd must be listed in the /etc/shells file, except any shells specified for the purpose of preventing logins. | The shells file lists approved default shells. It helps provide layered defense to the security approach by ensuring users cannot change their default shell to an unauthorized, unsecure shell. |
| V-12014 | Medium | All .Xauthority files must have mode 0600 or less permissive. | .Xauthority files ensure the user is authorized to access the specific X Windows host. Excessive permissions may permit unauthorized modification of these files, which could lead to Denial of... |
| V-4084 | Medium | The system must prohibit the reuse of passwords within five iterations. | If a user, or root, used the same password continuously or was allowed to change it back shortly after being forced to change it, this would provide a potential intruder with the opportunity to... |
| V-995 | Medium | Management Information Base (MIB) files must have mode 0640 or less permissive. | The ability to read the MIB file could impart special knowledge to an intruder or malicious user about the ability to extract compromising information about the system or network. |
| V-4430 | Medium | The cron.deny file must be owned by root, bin, or sys. | Cron daemon control files restrict the scheduling of automated tasks and must be protected. |
| V-22365 | Medium | All shell files must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system. | If shell files are group-owned by users other than root or a system group, they could be modified by intruders or malicious users to perform unauthorized actions. |
| V-796 | Medium | System files, programs, and directories must be group-owned by a system group. | Restricting permissions will protect the files from unauthorized modification. |
| V-22364 | Medium | Local initialization files' lists of preloaded libraries must contain only absolute paths. | The library preload list environment variable contains a list of libraries for the dynamic linker to load before loading the libraries required by the binary. If this list contains paths to... |
| V-22305 | Medium | The system must require passwords contain at least one lowercase alphabetic character. | To enforce the use of complex passwords, minimum numbers of characters of different classes are mandated. The use of complex passwords reduces the ability of attackers to successfully obtain valid... |
| V-821 | Medium | The inetd.conf file, xinetd.conf file, and the xinetd.d directory must be owned by root or bin. | Failure to give ownership of sensitive files or utilities to root provides the designated owner and unauthorized users with the potential to access sensitive information or change the system... |
| V-4364 | Medium | The at directory must have mode 0755 or less permissive. | If the at directory has a mode more permissive than 0755, unauthorized users could be allowed to view or to edit files containing sensitive information within the at directory. Unauthorized... |
| V-22438 | Medium | The aliases file must be group-owned by root, sys, bin, or other. | If the alias file is not group-owned by root, bin, sys or other, an unauthorized user may modify the file to add aliases to run malicious code or redirect e-mail. |
| V-1047 | Medium | The system must not permit root logins using remote access programs such as SSH. | Even though communications are encrypted, an additional layer of security may be gained by extending the policy of not logging directly on as root. In addition, logging in with a user-specific... |
| V-22435 | Medium | The hosts.lpd (or equivalent) file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system. | Failure to give group-ownership of the hosts.lpd file to root, bin, sys, or system provides the members of the owning group and possible unauthorized users, with the potential to modify the... |
| V-22432 | Medium | The rlogind service must not be running. | The rlogind process provides a typically unencrypted, host-authenticated remote access service. SSH should be used in place of this service. |
| V-22431 | Medium | The remshd service must not be installed. | The remshd process provides a typically unencrypted, host-authenticated remote access service. SSH should be used in place of this service. |
| V-12019 | Medium | The snmpd.conf file must be owned by bin. | The snmpd.conf file contains authenticators and must be protected from unauthorized access and modification. If the file is not owned by bin, it may be subject to access and modification from... |
| V-797 | Medium | The /etc/shadow (or equivalent) file must be owned by root. | The /etc/shadow file contains the list of local system accounts. It is vital to system security and must be protected from unauthorized modification. Failure to give ownership of sensitive files... |
| V-11989 | Medium | The .rhosts file must not be supported in PAM. | .rhosts files are used to specify a list of hosts permitted remote access to a particular account without authenticating. The use of such a mechanism defeats strong identification and... |
| V-840 | Medium | The ftpusers file must exist. | The ftpusers file contains a list of accounts not allowed to use FTP to transfer files. If this file does not exist, then unauthorized accounts can utilize FTP. |
| V-843 | Medium | The ftpusers file must have mode 0640 or less permissive. | Excessive permissions on the ftpusers file could permit unauthorized modification. Unauthorized modification could result in Denial of Service to authorized FTP users or permit unauthorized users... |
| V-11981 | Medium | All global initialization files must have mode 0444 or less permissive. | Global initialization files are used to configure the user's shell environment upon login. Malicious modification of these files could compromise accounts upon logon. |
| V-11983 | Medium | All global initialization files must be group-owned by root, sys, bin, other system, or the system default. | Global initialization files are used to configure the user's shell environment upon login. Malicious modification of these files could compromise accounts upon logon. Failure to give ownership... |
| V-11982 | Medium | All global initialization files must be owned by bin. | Global initialization files are used to configure the user's shell environment upon login. Malicious modification of these files could compromise accounts upon logon. Failure to give ownership... |
| V-11985 | Medium | All global initialization files' executable search paths must contain only absolute paths. | The executable search path (typically the PATH environment variable) contains a list of directories for the shell to search to find executables. If this path includes the current working... |
| V-849 | Medium | The TFTP daemon must be configured to vendor specifications, including a dedicated TFTP user account, a non-login shell such as /bin/false, and a home directory owned by the TFTP user. | If TFTP has a valid shell, it increases the likelihood that someone could logon to the TFTP account and compromise the system. |
| V-921 | Medium | All shell files must be owned by root or bin. | If shell files are owned by users other than root or bin, they could be modified by intruders or malicious users to perform unauthorized actions. |
| V-11986 | Medium | All local initialization files' executable search paths must contain only absolute paths. | The executable search path (typically the PATH environment variable) contains a list of directories for the shell to search to find executables. If this path includes the current working... |
| V-22547 | Medium | The system must not have IP tunnels configured. | IP tunneling mechanisms can be used to bypass network filtering. |
| V-12049 | Medium | Network analysis tools must not be installed. | Network analysis tools allow for the capture of network traffic visible to the system. |
| V-4358 | Medium | The cron.deny file must have mode 0600 or less permissive. | If file permissions for cron.deny are more permissive than 0600, sensitive information could be viewed or edited by unauthorized users. |
| V-22548 | Medium | The DHCP client must be disabled if not needed. | DHCP allows for the unauthenticated configuration of network parameters on the system by exchanging information with a DHCP server. |
| V-941 | Medium | The system's access control program must log each system’s access attempt. | If access attempts are not logged, then multiple attempts to log on to the system by an unauthorized user may go undetected. |
| V-940 | Medium | The system must use an access control program. | Access control programs (such as TCP_WRAPPERS) provide the ability to enhance system security posture. |
| V-22470 | Medium | The SSH daemon must restrict login ability to specific users and/or groups. | Restricting SSH logins to a limited group of users, such as system administrators, prevents password guessing and other SSH attacks from reaching system accounts and other accounts not authorized... |
| V-22398 | Medium | The at.deny file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or other. | If the group-owner of the at.deny file is not set to root, bin, sys, other, or cron, unauthorized users could be allowed to view or edit sensitive information contained within the file.... |
| V-22397 | Medium | The at.allow file must be group-owned by root, sys, bin or other. | If the group-owner of the at.allow file is not set to root, sys, bin or other, unauthorized users could be allowed to view or edit the list of users permitted to run at jobs. Unauthorized... |
| V-22396 | Medium | The at directory must be group-owned by root, bin, sys or other. | If the group of the at directory is not root, bin, sys or other, unauthorized users could be allowed to view or edit files containing sensitive information within the directory.
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| V-22425 | Medium | The xinetd.d directory must have mode 0755 or less permissive. | The Internet service daemon configuration files must be protected as malicious modification could cause Denial of Service or increase the attack surface of the system. |
| V-22394 | Medium | The cron.deny file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys or other. | Cron daemon control files restrict the scheduling of automated tasks and must be protected. Unauthorized modification of the cron.deny file could result in Denial of Service to authorized cron... |
| V-22427 | Medium | The services file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or other. | Failure to give ownership of system configuration files to root or a system group provides the designated owner and unauthorized users with the potential to change the system configuration which... |
| V-22392 | Medium | The at.deny file must have mode 0600 or less permissive. | The at daemon control files restrict access to scheduled job manipulation and must be protected. Unauthorized modification of the at.deny file could result in Denial of Service to authorized at... |
| V-22423 | Medium | The inetd.conf file, xinetd.conf file, and the xinetd.d directory must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or other. | Failure to give ownership of sensitive files or utilities to system groups may provide unauthorized users with the potential to access sensitive information or change the system configuration... |
| V-4290 | Medium | The HP-UX AUDOMON_ARGS attribute must be explicitly initialized. | The minimal set of auditing requirements necessary to collect useful forensics data and provide user help when violations are detected must be configured. |
| V-1056 | Medium | The /etc/smb.conf file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system. | If the group-owner of the smb.conf file is not root or a system group, the file may be maliciously modified and the Samba configuration could be compromised. |
| V-832 | Medium | The alias file must have mode 0644 or less permissive. | Excessive permissions on the aliases file may permit unauthorized modification. If the alias file is modified by an unauthorized user, they may modify the file to run malicious code or redirect e-mail. |
| V-823 | Medium | The services file must be owned by root or bin. | Failure to give ownership of sensitive files or utilities to root or bin provides the designated owner and unauthorized users with the potential to access sensitive information or change the... |
| V-22567 | Medium | For systems using NSS LDAP, the TLS certificate file must be owned by root. | The NSS LDAP service provides user mappings which are a vital component of system security. Its configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification. |
| V-22440 | Medium | Files executed through a mail aliases file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or other, and must reside within a directory group-owned by root, bin, sys, or other. | If a file executed through a mail aliases file is not group-owned by root or a system group, it may be subject to unauthorized modification. Unauthorized modification of files executed through... |
| V-22295 | Medium | The time synchronization configuration file (such as /etc/ntp.conf) must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system. | A synchronized system clock is critical for the enforcement of time-based policies and the correlation of logs and audit records with other systems. If an illicit time source is used for... |
| V-22296 | Medium | The time synchronization configuration file (such as /etc/ntp.conf) must have mode 0640 or less permissive. | A synchronized system clock is critical for the enforcement of time-based policies and the correlation of logs and audit records with other systems. If an illicit time source is used for... |
| V-831 | Medium | The alias file must be owned by root. | If the aliases file is not owned by root, an unauthorized user may modify the file to add aliases to run malicious code or redirect e-mail. |
| V-12030 | Medium | The system's access control program must be configured to grant or deny system access to specific hosts. | If the system's access control program is not configured with appropriate rules for allowing and denying access to system network resources, services may be accessible to unauthorized hosts. |
| V-22359 | Medium | Global initialization files' library search paths must contain only absolute paths. | The library search path environment variable(s) contains a list of directories for the dynamic linker to search to find libraries. If this path includes the current working directory or other... |
| V-22501 | Medium | Samba must be configured to not allow guest access to shares. | Guest access to shares permits anonymous access and is not permitted. |
| V-837 | Medium | The SMTP service log file must be owned by root. | If the SMTP service log file is not owned by root, then unauthorized personnel may modify or delete the file to hide a system compromise. |
| V-836 | Medium | The system syslog service must log informational and more severe SMTP service messages. | If informational and more severe SMTP service messages are not logged, malicious activity on the system may go unnoticed. |
| V-838 | Medium | The SMTP service log file must have mode 0644 or less permissive. | If the SMTP service log file is more permissive than 0644, unauthorized users may be allowed to change the log file. |
| V-4696 | Medium | The system must not have the UUCP service active. | The UUCP utility is designed to assist in transferring files, executing remote commands, and sending e-mail between UNIX systems over phone lines and direct connections between systems. The UUCP... |
| V-986 | Medium | Default system accounts (with the exception of root) must not be listed in the at.allow file or must be included in the at.deny file if the at.allow file does not exist. | Default accounts, such as bin, sys, adm, uucp, daemon, and others, should never have access to the at facility. This would create a possible vulnerability open to intruders or malicious users. |
| V-935 | Medium | The NFS server must not allow remote root access. | If the NFS server allows root access to local file systems from remote hosts, this access could be used to compromise the system. |
| V-936 | Medium | The nosuid option must be enabled on all NFS client mounts. | Enabling the nosuid mount option prevents the system from granting owner or group-owner privileges to programs with the suid or sgid bit set. If the system does not restrict this access, users... |
| V-22550 | Medium | The system must ignore IPv6 Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP ) redirect messages. | ICMP redirect messages are used by routers to inform hosts of a more direct route existing for a particular destination. These messages modify the host's route table and are unauthenticated. An... |
| V-22551 | Medium | The system must not send IPv6 ICMP redirects. | ICMP redirect messages are used by routers to inform hosts of a more direct route existing for a particular destination. These messages contain information from the system's route table possibly... |
| V-4368 | Medium | The at.deny file must be owned by root, bin, or sys. | If the owner of the at.deny file is not set to root, bin, or sys, unauthorized users could be allowed to view or edit sensitive information contained within the file. |
| V-907 | Medium | Run control scripts executable search paths must contain only absolute paths. | The executable search path (typically the PATH environment variable) contains a list of directories for the shell to search to find executables. If this path includes the current working... |
| V-22557 | Medium | If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the LDAP TLS connection must require the server provide a certificate and this certificate has a valid trust path to a trusted CA. | The NSS LDAP service provides user mappings which are a vital component of system security. Communication between an LDAP server and a host using LDAP for NSS require authentication. |
| V-1030 | Medium | The smb.conf file must use the hosts option to restrict access to Samba. | Samba increases the attack surface of the system and must be restricted to communicate only with systems requiring access. |
| V-4365 | Medium | The at directory must be owned by root, bin, or sys. | If the owner of the at directory is not root, bin, or sys, unauthorized users could be allowed to view or edit files containing sensitive information within the directory. |
| V-11972 | Medium | The system must require passwords contain at least one numeric character. | To enforce the use of complex passwords, minimum numbers of characters of different classes are mandated. The use of complex passwords reduces the ability of attackers to successfully obtain valid... |
| V-4367 | Medium | The at.allow file must be owned by root, bin, or sys. | If the owner of the at.allow file is not set to root, sys, or bin, unauthorized users could be allowed to view or edit sensitive information contained within the file. |
| V-933 | Medium | The Network File System (NFS) server must be configured to restrict file system access to local hosts. | The NFS access option limits user access to the specified level. This assists in protecting shared file systems. If access is not restricted, unauthorized hosts may be able to access the system's... |
| V-22563 | Medium | If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the TLS certificate authority file and/or directory (as appropriate) must be owned by root. | LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification. |
| V-11995 | Medium | Default system accounts (with the exception of root) must not be listed in the cron.allow file or must be included in the cron.deny file, if cron.allow does not exist. | To centralize the management of privileged account crontabs, of the default system accounts, only root may have a crontab. |
| V-22499 | Medium | Samba must be configured to use an authentication mechanism other than share. | Samba share authentication does not provide for individual user identification and must not be used. |
| V-22411 | Medium | The system must not respond to Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) timestamp requests sent to a broadcast address. | The processing of ICMP timestamp requests increases the attack surface of the system. Responding to broadcast ICMP timestamp requests facilitates network mapping and provides a vector for... |
| V-22410 | Medium | The system must not respond to ICMPv4 echoes sent to a broadcast address. | Responding to broadcast Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echoes facilitates network mapping and provides a vector for amplification attacks. |
| V-22413 | Medium | The system must prevent local applications from generating source-routed packets. | Source-routed packets allow the source of the packet to suggest routers forward the packet along a different path than configured on the router, which can be used to bypass network security measures. |
| V-22412 | Medium | The system must not apply reversed source routing to TCP responses. | Source-routed packets allow the source of the packet to suggest routers forward the packet along a different path than configured on the router, which can be used to bypass network security measures.
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| V-22455 | Medium | The system must use a remote syslog server (loghost). | A syslog server (loghost) receives syslog messages from one or more systems. This data can be used as an authoritative log source in the event a system is compromised and its local logs are suspect. |
| V-22414 | Medium | The system must not accept source-routed IPv4 packets. | Source-routed packets allow the source of the packet to suggest routers forward the packet along a different path than configured on the router, which can be used to bypass network security... |
| V-22417 | Medium | The system must not send IPv4 ICMP redirects. | ICMP redirect messages are used by routers to inform hosts that a more direct route exists for a particular destination. These messages contain information from the system's route table possibly... |
| V-22416 | Medium | The system must ignore IPv4 ICMP redirect messages. | ICMP redirect messages are used by routers to inform hosts that a more direct route exists for a particular destination. These messages modify the host's route table and are unauthenticated. An... |
| V-22491 | Medium | The system must not have IP forwarding for IPv6 enabled, unless the system is an IPv6 router. | If the system is configured for IP forwarding and is not a designated router, it could be used to bypass network security by providing a path for communication not filtered by network devices. |
| V-24331 | Medium | The Department of Defense (DoD) login banner must be displayed immediately prior to, or as part of, graphical desktop environment login prompts. | Failure to display the logon banner prior to a logon attempt will negate legal proceedings resulting from unauthorized access to system resources.
This requirement applies to graphical desktop... |
| V-22496 | Medium | All Network File System (NFS) shared system files and system directories must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or other. | Failure to give group-ownership of sensitive files or directories to root provides the members of the owning group with the potential to access sensitive information or change system configuration... |
| V-22500 | Medium | Samba must be configured to use encrypted passwords. | Samba must be configured to protect authenticators. If Samba passwords are not encrypted for storage, plain-text user passwords may be read by those with access to the Samba password file. |
| V-11973 | Medium | The system must require passwords contain at least one special character. | To enforce the use of complex passwords, minimum numbers of characters of different classes are mandated. The use of complex passwords reduces the ability of attackers to successfully obtain valid... |
| V-822 | Medium | The inetd.conf and xinetd.conf files must have mode 0440 or less permissive. | The Internet service daemon configuration files must be protected as malicious modification could cause Denial of Service or increase the attack surface of the system. |
| V-791 | Medium | The NIS/NIS+/yp command files must have mode 0755 or less permissive. | NIS/NIS+/yp files are part of the system's identification and authentication processes and are, therefore, critical to system security. Unauthorized modification of these files could compromise... |
| V-795 | Medium | All system files, programs, and directories must be owned by a system account. | Restricting permissions will protect the files from unauthorized modification. |
| V-22310 | Medium | The root account's library search path must be the system default and must contain only absolute paths. | The library search path environment variable(s) contain a list of directories for the dynamic linker to search to find libraries. If this path includes the current working directory or other... |
| V-22311 | Medium | The root account's list of preloaded libraries must be empty. | The library preload list environment variable contains a list of libraries for the dynamic linker to load before loading the libraries required by the binary. If this list contains paths to... |
| V-798 | Medium | The /etc/passwd file must have mode 0444 or less permissive. | If the passwd file is writable by a group owner or the world, the risk of passwd file compromise is increased. The passwd file contains the list of accounts on the system and associated information. |
| V-828 | Medium | The hosts.lpd (or equivalent) file must be owned by root, bin, sys, or lp. | Failure to give ownership of the hosts.lpd file to root, bin, sys, or lp provides the designated owner, and possible unauthorized users, with the potential to modify the hosts.lpd file.... |
| V-829 | Medium | The hosts.lpd (or equivalent) must have mode 0644 or less permissive. | Excessive permissions on the hosts.lpd (or equivalent) file may permit unauthorized modification. Unauthorized modifications could disrupt access to local printers from authorized remote hosts or... |
| V-22319 | Medium | The /etc/resolv.conf file must be owned by root. | The resolv.conf (or equivalent) file configures the system's DNS resolver. DNS is used to resolve host names to IP addresses. If DNS configuration is modified maliciously, host name resolution... |
| V-22406 | Low | The kernel core dump data directory must have mode 0700 or less permissive. | Kernel core dumps may contain the full contents of system memory at the time of the crash. As the system memory may contain sensitive information, it must be protected accordingly. If the mode of... |
| V-22405 | Low | The kernel core dump data directory must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or other. | Kernel core dumps may contain the full contents of system memory at the time of the crash. As the system memory may contain sensitive information, it must be protected accordingly. If the kernel... |
| V-22409 | Low | The system must not process Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) timestamp requests. | The processing of ICMP timestamp requests increases the attack surface of the system. |
| V-4701 | Low | The system must not have the finger service active. | The finger service provides information about the system's users to network clients. This could expose information that could be used in subsequent attacks. |
| V-22473 | Low | The SSH daemon must not permit GSSAPI authentication unless needed. | GSSAPI authentication is used to provide additional authentication mechanisms to applications. Allowing GSSAPI authentication through SSH exposes the system’s GSSAPI to remote hosts, increasing... |
| V-781 | Low | All GIDs referenced in the /etc/passwd file must be defined in the /etc/group file. | If a user is assigned the GID of a group not existing on the system, and a group with that GID is subsequently created, the user may have unintended rights to the group. |
| V-22475 | Low | The SSH daemon must not permit Kerberos authentication unless needed. | Kerberos authentication for SSH is often implemented using GSSAPI. If Kerberos is enabled through SSH, the SSH daemon provides a means of access to the system's Kerberos implementation. ... |
| V-22474 | Low | The SSH client must not permit GSSAPI authentication unless needed. | GSSAPI authentication is used to provide additional authentication mechanisms to applications. Allowing GSSAPI authentication through SSH exposes the system’s GSSAPI to remote hosts, increasing... |
| V-22577 | Low | Automated file system mounting tools must not be enabled unless needed. | Automated file system mounting tools may provide unprivileged users with the ability to access local media and network shares. If this access is not necessary for the system’s operation, it must... |
| V-4384 | Low | The SMTP service's SMTP greeting must not provide version information. | The version of the SMTP service can be used by attackers to plan an attack based on vulnerabilities present in the specific version. |
| V-22371 | Low | System audit tool executables must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or other. | To prevent unauthorized access or manipulation of system audit logs, the tools for manipulating those logs must be protected. |
| V-22372 | Low | System audit tool executables must have mode 0750 or less permissive. | To prevent unauthorized access or manipulation of system audit logs, the tools for manipulating those logs must be protected. |
| V-22376 | Low | The audit system must be configured to audit account creation. | If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises, and damages incurred during a system compromise. |
| V-22377 | Low | The audit system must be configured to audit account modification. | If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise. |
| V-774 | Low | The root user's home directory must not be the root directory (/). | Changing the root home directory to something other than / and assigning it a 0700 protection makes it more difficult for intruders to manipulate the system by reading the files root places in its... |
| V-22299 | Low | The system must display the date and time of the last successful account login upon login. | Providing users with feedback on when account accesses last occurred facilitates user recognition and reporting of unauthorized account use.
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| V-22298 | Low | The system must limit users to 10 simultaneous system logins, or a site-defined number, in accordance with operational requirements. | Limiting simultaneous user logins can insulate the system from Denial of Service problems caused by excessive logins. Automated login processes operating improperly or maliciously may result in an... |
| V-22589 | Low | The system package management tool must not automatically obtain updates. | System package management tools can obtain a list of updates and patches from a package repository and make this information available to the SA for review and action. Using a package repository... |
| V-22378 | Low | The audit system must be configured to audit account disabling. | If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise. |
| V-23739 | Low | The system must use a separate file system for /tmp (or equivalent). | The use of separate file systems for different paths can protect the system from failures resulting from a file system becoming full or failing. |
| V-23738 | Low | The system must use a separate file system for the system audit data path.. | The use of separate file systems for different paths can protect the system from failures resulting from a file system becoming full or failing. |
| V-900 | Low | All interactive user home directories defined in the /etc/passwd file must exist. | If a user has a home directory defined that does not exist, the user may be given the / directory, by default, as the current working directory upon logon. This could create a Denial of Service... |
| V-12003 | Low | A separate file system must be used for user home directories (such as /home or equivalent). | The use of separate file systems for different paths can protect the system from failures resulting from the / file system becoming full or failing. |
| V-825 | Low | Global initialization files must contain the mesg -n or mesg n commands. | If the mesg -n or mesg n command is not placed into the system profile, messaging can be used to cause a Denial of Service attack. |
| V-1062 | Low | The root shell must be located in the / file system. | To ensure the root shell is available in repair and administrative modes, the root shell must be located in the / file system. |
| V-23736 | Low | The system must use a separate file system for /var. | The use of separate file systems for different paths can protect the system from failures resulting from a file system becoming full or failing. |
| V-22308 | Low | The system must restrict the ability to switch to the root user to members of a defined group. | Configuring a supplemental group for users permitted to switch to the root user prevents unauthorized users from accessing the root account, even with knowledge of the root credentials. |
| V-22382 | Low | The audit system must be configured to audit account termination. | If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise. |
| V-929 | Low | The Network File System (NFS) share configuration file must have mode 0644 or less permissive. | Excessive permissions on the NFS share configuration file could allow unauthorized modification of the file, which could result in Denial-of-Service to authorized NFS shares and the creation of... |
| V-835 | Low | Sendmail logging must not be set to less than 9 in the sendmail.cf file. | If Sendmail is not configured to log at level 9, system logs may not contain the information necessary for tracking unauthorized use of the sendmail service. |
| V-4693 | Low | The SMTP service must not have the VRFY feature active. | The VRFY (Verify) command allows an attacker to determine if an account exists on a system, providing significant assistance to a brute force attack on user accounts. VRFY may provide additional... |
| V-899 | Low | All interactive users must be assigned a home directory in the /etc/passwd file. | If users do not have a valid home directory, there is no place for the storage and control of files they own. |
| V-11996 | Low | Process core dumps must be disabled unless needed. | Process core dumps contain the memory in use by the process when it crashed. Process core dump files can be of significant size and their use can result in file systems filling to capacity, which... |
| V-4692 | Low | The SMTP service must not have the EXPN feature active. | The SMTP EXPN function allows an attacker to determine if an account exists on a system, providing significant assistance to a brute force attack on user accounts. EXPN may also provide additional... |
| V-22370 | Low | System audit tool executables must be owned by root. | To prevent unauthorized access or manipulation of system audit logs, the tools for manipulating those logs must be protected. |
